box-box/internal/api/openf1.go

package api

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/AmanTahiliani/box-box/internal/models"
)

// ErrLiveSessionLocked is returned when the OpenF1 API blocks free-tier access
// during a live F1 session. All endpoints (including historical data) return 401
// from ~30 min before a session starts until ~30 min after it ends.
var ErrLiveSessionLocked = errors.New("live F1 session in progress — API access is restricted to authenticated users until the session ends")

// RateLimitError is returned when the OpenF1 API rate limit is reached (HTTP 429).
type RateLimitError struct {
	RetryAfter time.Duration
}

func (e *RateLimitError) Error() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("openf1 API rate limit hit: retry after %v", e.RetryAfter)
}

// IsLiveSessionError reports whether err (or any error in its chain) is the
// live-session lockout error from the OpenF1 API.
func IsLiveSessionError(err error) bool {
	return errors.Is(err, ErrLiveSessionLocked)
}

// max429Retries is how many times doPaced re-attempts a request that came
// back 429 before giving up and letting the caller fall back to stale data.
const max429Retries = 3

// retryAfter429 extracts the server-requested backoff from a 429 response,
// with a sane default and cap so a hostile header can't stall the app.
func retryAfter429(resp *http.Response) time.Duration {
	delay := time.Second
	if header := resp.Header.Get("Retry-After"); header != "" {
		if seconds, err := strconv.Atoi(header); err == nil && seconds > 0 {
			delay = time.Duration(seconds) * time.Second
		}
	}
	if delay > 10*time.Second {
		delay = 10 * time.Second
	}
	return delay
}

// doPaced executes req through the client's request pacer and transparently
// retries 429 responses (honouring Retry-After) up to max429Retries times.
// Without this, concurrent fan-outs (championship hub, track prefetch) burst
// past the free-tier limit and callers silently treat 429s as missing data.
func (c *OpenF1Client) doPaced(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	for attempt := 0; ; attempt++ {
		c.pacer.wait()
		resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusTooManyRequests || attempt >= max429Retries {
			return resp, nil
		}
		delay := retryAfter429(resp)
		resp.Body.Close()
		time.Sleep(delay)
	}
}

// get performs a GET request and returns the response body, or an error if the
// status code is not 200 OK. It checks the SQLite cache before making a
// network request.
//
// Stale fallback: if the live request fails for any reason (network error,
// 401 lockout during a live session, etc.) and the cache contains an expired
// entry for this URL, that stale entry is returned instead of propagating the
// error.  The client's staleFlag is set so the UI can show a disclaimer.
func (c *OpenF1Client) get(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	// 1. Check the cache for a fresh (non-expired) entry.
	if cachedData, ok := c.cache.Get(url); ok {
		return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(cachedData)), nil
	}

	// 2. Attempt a live network request.
	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
	if err != nil {
		// Even a request-construction failure warrants a stale fallback.
		return c.tryStale(url, err)
	}
	if c.apiKey != "" {
		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.apiKey)
	}

	resp, err := c.doPaced(req)
	if err != nil {
		return c.tryStale(url, err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		// Try to parse the JSON error body for a better message.
		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
			body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
			var apiErr struct {
				Detail string `json:"detail"`
			}
			if json.Unmarshal(body, &apiErr) == nil && apiErr.Detail != "" {
				detail := strings.ToLower(apiErr.Detail)
				if strings.Contains(detail, "live") && strings.Contains(detail, "session") {
					liveErr := fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrLiveSessionLocked)
					return c.tryStale(url, liveErr)
				}
				apiErrFmt := fmt.Errorf("openf1 API: %s", apiErr.Detail)
				return c.tryStale(url, apiErrFmt)
			}
		}
		statusErr := fmt.Errorf("openf1 API returned status %d for %s", resp.StatusCode, url)
		return c.tryStale(url, statusErr)
	}

	// 3. Success — read the body, store in cache, return.
	data, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return c.tryStale(url, err)
	}

	// Store fresh data in cache (non-critical; ignore errors).
	_ = c.cache.Set(url, data)

	return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(data)), nil
}

// FetchStrict performs a GET using the HTTP cache for fresh entries only.
// Unlike get(), it never falls back to expired cache on failure — intended
// for ingestion workflows that need authoritative responses or explicit errors.
func (c *OpenF1Client) FetchStrict(url string) ([]byte, error) {
	if cachedData, ok := c.cache.Get(url); ok {
		return cachedData, nil
	}

	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if c.apiKey != "" {
		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.apiKey)
	}

	resp, err := c.doPaced(req)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusTooManyRequests {
		return nil, &RateLimitError{RetryAfter: retryAfter429(resp)}
	}

	data, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
			var apiErr struct {
				Detail string `json:"detail"`
			}
			if json.Unmarshal(data, &apiErr) == nil && apiErr.Detail != "" {
				detail := strings.ToLower(apiErr.Detail)
				if strings.Contains(detail, "live") && strings.Contains(detail, "session") {
					return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrLiveSessionLocked)
				}
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("openf1 API: %s", apiErr.Detail)
			}
		}
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("openf1 API returned status %d for %s", resp.StatusCode, url)
	}

	_ = c.cache.Set(url, data)
	return data, nil
}

// tryStale attempts to return stale cached data when a live request has failed.
// If stale data exists it sets the client's stale flag and returns the data.
// Otherwise it returns the original error unchanged so callers can handle it.
func (c *OpenF1Client) tryStale(url string, originalErr error) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
	if staleData, ok := c.cache.GetStale(url); ok {
		c.setStale()
		return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(staleData)), nil
	}
	return nil, originalErr
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetMeetingsForYear(year int) ([]models.Meeting, error) {
	if year < 2023 {
		return nil, errors.New("Invalid year: " + strconv.Itoa(year) + ". Year must be 2023 or later.")
	}
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/meetings?year=%d", c.url, year))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Meeting
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetSessionsForMeeting(meetingKey int) ([]models.Session, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/sessions?meeting_key=%d", c.url, meetingKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Session
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetDriversForSession(sessionKey int) ([]models.Driver, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/drivers?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Driver
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetDriver(sessionKey, driverNumber int) (*models.Driver, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/drivers?session_key=%d&driver_number=%d", c.url, sessionKey, driverNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Driver
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(result) == 0 {
		return nil, nil
	}
	return &result[0], nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetDriverChampionship(sessionKey int) ([]models.ChampionshipDriver, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/championship_drivers?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.ChampionshipDriver
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetTeamChampionship(sessionKey int) ([]models.ChampionshipTeam, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/championship_teams?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.ChampionshipTeam
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

// getLatestRaceSessionKey returns the session_key of the most recent completed
// Race session across all years.
func (c *OpenF1Client) getLatestRaceSessionKey() (int, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/sessions?session_name=Race", c.url))
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var sessions []models.Session
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&sessions); err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	if len(sessions) == 0 {
		return 0, errors.New("no Race sessions found")
	}

	now := time.Now()
	latestKey, ok := latestCompletedRaceSessionKey(sessions, now)
	if !ok {
		return 0, errors.New("no completed Race sessions found")
	}
	return latestKey, nil
}

// getLatestRaceSessionKeyForYear returns the session_key of the most recent
// completed Race session for a specific year. It walks backwards through the
// year's races to find one whose date_end is in the past (i.e. has results).
func (c *OpenF1Client) getLatestRaceSessionKeyForYear(year int) (int, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/sessions?session_name=Race&year=%d", c.url, year))
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var sessions []models.Session
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&sessions); err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	if len(sessions) == 0 {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("no Race sessions found for year %d", year)
	}

	now := time.Now()
	latestKey, ok := latestCompletedRaceSessionKey(sessions, now)
	if !ok {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("no completed Race sessions found for year %d", year)
	}
	return latestKey, nil
}

func latestCompletedRaceSessionKey(sessions []models.Session, now time.Time) (int, bool) {
	var latestKey int
	var latestTime time.Time

	for _, s := range sessions {
		completedAt, ok := completedRaceTime(s)
		if !ok || !completedAt.Before(now) {
			continue
		}
		if latestKey == 0 || completedAt.After(latestTime) {
			latestKey = s.SessionKey
			latestTime = completedAt
		}
	}

	return latestKey, latestKey != 0
}

func completedRaceTime(s models.Session) (time.Time, bool) {
	if s.DateEnd != "" {
		endTime, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, s.DateEnd)
		if err == nil {
			return endTime, true
		}
	}
	if s.DateStart == "" {
		return time.Time{}, false
	}
	startTime, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, s.DateStart)
	if err != nil {
		return time.Time{}, false
	}
	return startTime.Add(3 * time.Hour), true
}

// GetLatestDriverChampionship returns championship standings for the most recent
// Race session. It resolves the latest session key automatically.
func (c *OpenF1Client) GetLatestDriverChampionship() ([]models.ChampionshipDriver, error) {
	sessionKey, err := c.getLatestRaceSessionKey()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not resolve latest race session: %w", err)
	}
	return c.GetDriverChampionship(sessionKey)
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetDriverChampionshipForYear(year int) ([]models.ChampionshipDriver, error) {
	sessionKey, err := c.getLatestRaceSessionKeyForYear(year)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not resolve latest race session for year %d: %w", year, err)
	}
	return c.GetDriverChampionship(sessionKey)
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetLatestTeamChampionship() ([]models.ChampionshipTeam, error) {
	sessionKey, err := c.getLatestRaceSessionKey()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not resolve latest race session: %w", err)
	}
	return c.GetTeamChampionship(sessionKey)
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetTeamChampionshipForYear(year int) ([]models.ChampionshipTeam, error) {
	sessionKey, err := c.getLatestRaceSessionKeyForYear(year)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not resolve latest race session for year %d: %w", year, err)
	}
	return c.GetTeamChampionship(sessionKey)
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetSessionResult(sessionKey int) ([]models.SessionResult, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/session_result?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.SessionResult
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	models.SortSessionResults(result)
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetStartingGrid(sessionKey int) ([]models.StartingGrid, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/starting_grid?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.StartingGrid
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetLapsForSession(sessionKey int) ([]models.Lap, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/laps?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Lap
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetLapsForDriver(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.Lap, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/laps?session_key=%d&driver_number=%d", c.url, sessionKey, driverNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Lap
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetStintsForSession(sessionKey int) ([]models.Stint, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/stints?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Stint
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetPitStopsForSession(sessionKey int) ([]models.Pit, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/pit?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Pit
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetOvertakesForSession(sessionKey int) ([]models.Overtake, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/overtakes?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Overtake
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetPositions(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.Position, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/position?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey)
	if driverNumber != 0 {
		url += fmt.Sprintf("&driver_number=%d", driverNumber)
	}
	body, err := c.get(url)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Position
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetIntervals(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.Interval, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/intervals?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey)
	if driverNumber != 0 {
		url += fmt.Sprintf("&driver_number=%d", driverNumber)
	}
	body, err := c.get(url)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Interval
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetRaceControl(sessionKey int) ([]models.RaceControl, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/race_control?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.RaceControl
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetWeather(sessionKey int) ([]models.Weather, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/weather?session_key=%d", c.url, sessionKey))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Weather
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetCarData(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.CarData, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/car_data?session_key=%d&driver_number=%d", c.url, sessionKey, driverNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.CarData
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetLocation(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.Location, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/location?session_key=%d&driver_number=%d", c.url, sessionKey, driverNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.Location
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

func (c *OpenF1Client) GetTeamRadio(sessionKey, driverNumber int) ([]models.TeamRadio, error) {
	body, err := c.get(fmt.Sprintf("%s/v1/team_radio?session_key=%d&driver_number=%d", c.url, sessionKey, driverNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer body.Close()

	var result []models.TeamRadio
	if err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return result, nil
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Track outline pre-fetch
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

// candidateDrivers is the ordered list of driver numbers we try when looking
// for location data to build a track outline.  We try well-known numbers first
// to maximise the chance of finding data quickly.
var candidateDrivers = []int{1, 11, 44, 16, 55, 4, 14, 63, 81, 24}

// TrackOutlinePrefetchResult summarizes a season track-outline cache warming
// run. Counts are scoped to the unique non-zero circuit keys in the provided
// meeting list.
type TrackOutlinePrefetchResult struct {
	Year           int
	UniqueCircuits int
	CachedBefore   int
	CachedAfter    int
	Skipped        int
	Fetched        int
	Failed         int
}

// PrefetchTrackOutlines fetches GPS location data for every circuit in the
// provided meeting list and stores it in the cache so the track map tab can
// render during live sessions when the free-tier API is locked.
//
// Each meeting is processed concurrently (up to maxWorkers goroutines).
// Circuits that already have a stored outline for this year are skipped.
// Errors per-circuit are silently ignored — this is a best-effort operation
// and must never block or crash the main UI.
func (c *OpenF1Client) PrefetchTrackOutlines(meetings []models.Meeting) {
	year := time.Now().Year()
	for _, m := range meetings {
		if m.Year != 0 {
			year = m.Year
			break
		}
	}
	_ = c.PrefetchTrackOutlinesForYear(year, meetings)
}

// PrefetchTrackOutlinesForYear fetches and caches track outlines for unique
// circuits in the provided meeting list, storing them under the explicit season
// year. Unlike PrefetchTrackOutlines, it returns accounting suitable for CLI
// cache-warming workflows.
func (c *OpenF1Client) PrefetchTrackOutlinesForYear(year int, meetings []models.Meeting) TrackOutlinePrefetchResult {
	const maxWorkers = 3

	result := TrackOutlinePrefetchResult{Year: year}
	uniqueByCircuit := make(map[int]models.Meeting)
	var unique []models.Meeting
	for _, m := range meetings {
		if m.CircuitKey == 0 {
			continue
		}
		if _, exists := uniqueByCircuit[m.CircuitKey]; exists {
			continue
		}
		uniqueByCircuit[m.CircuitKey] = m
		unique = append(unique, m)
	}

	result.UniqueCircuits = len(unique)

	// Filter to meetings that need fetching.
	var pending []models.Meeting
	for _, m := range unique {
		if _, ok := c.cache.GetTrackOutline(m.CircuitKey, year); ok {
			result.CachedBefore++
			result.Skipped++
			continue // already cached for this season
		}
		pending = append(pending, m)
	}

	if len(pending) == 0 {
		result.CachedAfter = result.CachedBefore
		return result
	}

	sem := make(chan struct{}, maxWorkers)
	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	var mu sync.Mutex

	for _, mtg := range pending {
		mtg := mtg // capture
		wg.Add(1)
		sem <- struct{}{}
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()
			defer func() { <-sem }()
			ok := c.prefetchCircuit(mtg, year)
			mu.Lock()
			if ok {
				result.Fetched++
			} else {
				result.Failed++
			}
			mu.Unlock()
		}()
	}

	wg.Wait()

	for _, m := range unique {
		if _, ok := c.cache.GetTrackOutline(m.CircuitKey, year); ok {
			result.CachedAfter++
		}
	}

	return result
}

// prefetchCircuit fetches the track outline for a single meeting and stores it.
// It prefers completed sessions (past date_end) so the data is full and stable.
func (c *OpenF1Client) prefetchCircuit(mtg models.Meeting, year int) bool {
	sessions, err := c.GetSessionsForMeeting(int(mtg.MeetingKey))
	if err != nil || len(sessions) == 0 {
		return false
	}

	// Pick the best session: prefer a completed race, then any session with
	// a past end time, then fall back to the most recent session.
	now := time.Now()
	var bestSession *models.Session
	for i := range sessions {
		s := &sessions[i]
		if s.DateEnd == "" {
			continue
		}
		endTime, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, s.DateEnd)
		if err != nil || endTime.After(now) {
			continue
		}
		// Prefer Race sessions; otherwise take any completed session.
		if bestSession == nil || s.SessionName == "Race" {
			bestSession = s
		}
	}
	if bestSession == nil {
		return false
	}

	// Try candidate drivers in order until we find one with enough points.
	for _, dn := range candidateDrivers {
		locs, err := c.GetLocation(bestSession.SessionKey, dn)
		if err != nil || len(locs) < 50 {
			continue
		}
		// Store under the circuit key for this year and stop.
		return c.cache.SetTrackOutline(mtg.CircuitKey, year, locs) == nil
	}
	return false
}